Trait improvement

The CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) is the most widely used approach nowadays in major plant breeding applications mainly against DNA and RNA viral diseases. The CRISPR-Cas is actually an adaptive immune response protecting the cells from viral infections in prokaryotes. CRISPR technology and its variants are being used in improving many of the traits in plants to enhance yield, quality, and nutritional value, to introduce or enhance tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses and majorly resistance against viral infections. The widespread dissemination and use of CRISPR-Cas technology to deal with diverse agricultural problems could be a key indicator of its future potential. In this review the status and future prospects of CRISPR-Cas applications, and current advances in crop breeding improvement have been focused.