VW Applied Sciences

The gene targeting methods like CRISPR/Cas9, is one of the most powerful technologies for correcting inconsistent genetic signatures and is widely used against various types of diseases these days. CRISPR/Cas9 based strategies have the potential to treat complex diseases as it is relatively straightforward, inexpensive, and precise system. This review article summarizes the applications of CRISPR/Cas9 genetic engineering in neurodegenerative disease models, providing therapeutic gene editing perspectives for neurological diseases. Here, understanding of CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genome editing in neurological diseases such as Alzheimer, Parkinson and Huntington’s disease have been focused by targeting specific genes involved and its potential as the most promising and emerging technologies taking into account with the low off-target effects of CRISPR/Cas9 and its highest editing efficiency.

In this work, a small office building located in Roorkee (29° 52ʹ 29.48ʺ N, latitude & 77° 53ʹ 23.73ʺ E, longitude), India, has been simulated to calculate the heating load in the winter season. The office building has a net floor area of 13.14 m2, an air-conditioned volume of 39.4,2 m3, and a total window area of 12.79 m2, the proportion of windows to walls is forty-five percent on SW and SE facades, leading to high heating demands in the winter period. The computer simulation for the reduction of the building heating demand has been carried out in Design Builder software. Five different passive strategies have been implemented to reduce the building heating demand. These passive cooling techniques include retrofit techniques such as glazing, roof, wall thermal insulation, reflective coating, and windows frame. It has been found that the building's annual heating demand of 450 kWh in the base case (without retrofit) has been reduced by 75%-85% with the application of improved glazing, roof, wall thermal insulation, reflective coatings, and improved window frames. The net savings in this analysis refer to the energy savings. The savings are calculated over a 5-month period, from November to March. Total electric units of 352 can be saved over the course of five months. Also, CO2 emissions during the winter period can reduce by 718 kg by implementing these strategies per winter season.

The CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) is the most widely used approach nowadays in major plant breeding applications mainly against DNA and RNA viral diseases. The CRISPR-Cas is actually an adaptive immune response protecting the cells from viral infections in prokaryotes. CRISPR technology and its variants are being used in improving many of the traits in plants to enhance yield, quality, and nutritional value, to introduce or enhance tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses and majorly resistance against viral infections. The widespread dissemination and use of CRISPR-Cas technology to deal with diverse agricultural problems could be a key indicator of its future potential. In this review the status and future prospects of CRISPR-Cas applications, and current advances in crop breeding improvement have been focused.

It has been observed that many vision-threatening eyes diseases are asymptomatic. The trend of the eye examination is that when an individual perceives some obstacles in his vision, the main manifestations are blurred vision, decreased vision, diplopia, glare, bright halo, headache, eye fatigue, squinting, etc. Its characteristic is asthenopia. The quality of life is greatly affected by visual and ophthalmic conditions. The existence of some silent killer diseases which do not show any significant symptoms but considerably decrease the vision and in some cases if remain untreated will irreversibly damage the eye resulting in permanent loss of vision. Large-scale surveys in the U.S. have shown that only 11% of people are aware that diabetic retinopathy comes with no initial warning symptoms and as little as 8% for open-angle glaucoma. Consequently, this study aims to establish the prevalence of asymptomatic ocular conditions affecting individuals including younger and older patients (above 10 years of age), seeking for an eye exam solely based on refractive symptoms and also to categorize and establish the prevalence of each ocular condition diagnosed in the course of their eye examination.

VW Applied Sciences, Volume: 3, Issue: 1, 110-116 Received: July 01, 2021Accepted: July 29, 2021Published online: Aug. 02, 2021 Imran Khan 1,2*, Mubashra Idris Khan 3 1Department...